One of the most effective ways, which ties in with what's been said in earlier posts, is to reinforce the behaviour you want right from the start. Lots of praise for the first pupils to follow an instruction, like stop, please, & listen. Lots of praise for good contributions to discusions. Having a seating plan (which pupils can help you draw up at the start of the lesson) lets you put names to faces & target praise & deal with off target pupils quickly. It also doesn't hurt to be generous with housepoints, smiley stickers & other positive rewards. And the promise of a good mention in despatches to the class teacher on her/his return may motivate some too. These tips are more aimed at KS1 & 2 than secondary age pupils.
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